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OPTIONAL PRACTICAL TRAINING (OPT) is a program that allows F-1 international students in the United States to work in their field of study after completing their academic program. OPT is authorized by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and is intended to provide F-1 students with hands-on training in a professional setting.
Here are some key details about Optional Practical Training (OPT) for F-1 students:
Eligibility:
F-1 students who have completed at least one academic year of full-time study (9 months) study in a degree program at a US institution that is accredited by the US Department of Education are eligible to apply for OPT. Students in certain STEM fields may be eligible for an extension of their OPT period. In addition, students must have maintained valid F-1 status and not exceeded 12 months of full-time Curricular Practical Training (CPT) during their degree program.
Duration:
Students can engage in OPT for up to 12 months, either before or after completion of their academic program. Students in certain STEM fields may be eligible for an extension of their OPT period for up to 24 months.
Types of OPT:
Pre-completion OPT and Post-completion OPT. Pre-completion OPT allows students to work up to 20 hours per week while school is in session, and up to 40 hours per week during school breaks. Post-completion OPT allows students to work full-time after completing their degree program.
Authorization:
OPT must be authorized by USCIS. Students must apply for OPT and receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) before beginning any work. To be eligible for the STEM OPT extension, students must have a degree in a STEM field, work for an employer enrolled in the E-Verify program, and submit a Form I-983 training plan to their Designated School Official (DSO).
Employer Requirements:
The employer offering the practical training must be related to the student's field of study, and the work must be directly related to the student's academic program.
Application Process:
The student must complete an application for OPT and provide documentation, including a recommendation from the academic advisor, proof of enrollment, and proof of financial support.
Limits on Employment:
During the OPT period, students are only allowed to be unemployed for a total of 90 days. The 90-day limit includes any days of unemployment during the initial OPT period as well as any days of unemployment during any OPT extension.
Reporting Requirements:
Students on OPT are required to report any changes in employment, address, or immigration status to their designated school official (DSO) within 10 days.
Consequences of Violation:
Violating OPT rules can result in serious consequences, including termination of F-1 status and deportation from the United States.In conclusion, OPT is a valuable opportunity for F-1 students to gain practical experience and potentially secure employment in the United States after completing their academic program. It is important to carefully follow the rules and regulations governing OPT to avoid any negative consequences. F-1 students should work closely with their designated school officials and apply for OPT in a timely manner to ensure that they receive their Employment Authorization Document before beginning any work.
